As a seasoned outdoor writer and hunter with over a decade spent exploring and writing about the American landscape, I’m frequently asked: do deer like soybeans or corn better? It’s a question that goes to the heart of successful deer management, especially when it comes to establishing effective food plots. The answer, as with most things in nature, isn’t simple. While both corn and soybeans are highly attractive to whitetail deer, understanding their nutritional value, seasonal preferences, and planting considerations is crucial for maximizing your food plot’s appeal. This guide will delve into the specifics, helping you determine whether corn food plots or soybean fields are the best choice for your land, and even explore options like field corn seed for deer and the use of Roundup Ready corn for food plots.
Before diving into the specifics of corn and soybeans, it’s important to understand what deer are looking for in their diet. Deer are browsers, meaning they prefer to eat leaves, twigs, fruits, and nuts. However, they’ll readily consume agricultural crops, especially when natural forage is scarce. Their dietary needs change throughout the year. In spring and summer, they focus on high-protein foods for antler growth and reproduction. Fall and winter demand high-energy foods to build fat reserves for the cold months. According to the National Park Service, a healthy deer diet is diverse and dependent on regional availability.
Soybeans are nutritional powerhouses, boasting a protein content of around 36-56% and a digestible energy content of around 85%. This makes them incredibly attractive to deer during the crucial summer months when they need protein for antler development and lactation. Corn, on the other hand, is primarily a carbohydrate source, offering around 65-80% digestible energy but only 8-10% protein. While deer love the energy boost from corn, it doesn’t provide the same level of protein as soybeans. REI Expert Advice highlights the importance of understanding these nutritional differences when planning a deer management strategy.
The question of do deer eat corn plants isn’t just about the mature grain. Deer will browse on young corn shoots and leaves in the spring and early summer. This is when the plants are tender and easily digestible. However, as the corn matures and the stalks become tougher, deer preference shifts towards the ears. They’ll often focus on the kernels, especially after a light frost which sweetens the corn. The USDA Forest Service provides valuable information on deer browsing habits and habitat management.
When considering field corn seed for deer, it’s important to understand the difference between field corn and sweet corn. Sweet corn, the type you typically find in the grocery store, is bred for human consumption and has a higher sugar content. While deer will eat sweet corn, it’s not as durable or productive as field corn. Field corn is specifically bred for grain production and is more resistant to pests and diseases. It also produces larger yields, providing a more substantial food source for deer. Many seed companies now offer specialized “deer corn” varieties that are designed to be highly palatable and attractive to whitetails.
Soybeans are arguably the most popular food plot choice for deer managers, and for good reason. Their high protein content makes them incredibly attractive during the summer months, supporting antler growth and fawn development. Deer will graze on soybean leaves and pods throughout the growing season. They’ll also return to the fields in the fall to consume any remaining beans. The key to successful soybean food plots is proper planting and weed control.
While soybeans excel in the summer, corn food plots shine in the fall and winter. The high carbohydrate content provides deer with the energy they need to build fat reserves for the cold months. Corn also offers a visual attraction, as the standing stalks provide cover and a sense of security. However, corn requires more management than soybeans, including fertilization and weed control.
The use of Roundup Ready corn for food plots has become increasingly popular in recent years. This genetically modified corn is resistant to glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup herbicide. This allows food plot managers to control weeds more effectively with a single application of herbicide. However, it’s important to note that the use of Roundup Ready crops is a controversial topic, and some landowners prefer to avoid genetically modified organisms. Always follow label instructions carefully when using any herbicide.
Ultimately, the answer to do deer like soybeans or corn better depends on the time of year and the specific needs of the deer population. Soybeans are the clear winner during the summer months, providing essential protein for antler growth and reproduction. Corn excels in the fall and winter, offering a high-energy food source to help deer survive the cold months.
I recommend a diverse food plot strategy that incorporates both corn and soybeans. Planting a mix of both crops can provide deer with a consistent food source throughout the year. Consider planting soybeans in smaller, strategically located plots to maximize their impact. Larger corn plots can provide a significant energy source during the hunting season.
While corn and soybeans are staples of many deer food plots, don’t be afraid to experiment with other options. Clover, alfalfa, brassicas, and chicory can all provide valuable nutrition for deer. Read more about diversifying your food plot strategy here. Remember to consider your local climate, soil conditions, and deer population when selecting your food plot mix.
Finally, remember the principles of Leave No Trace when establishing and maintaining your food plots. Minimize soil disturbance, avoid using excessive fertilizers or pesticides, and respect the surrounding environment. Responsible land management is essential for ensuring the long-term health of your deer population and the sustainability of your hunting property. Learn more about ethical hunting and land stewardship.
By understanding the nutritional needs of deer, the benefits of both corn and soybeans, and the importance of responsible land management, you can create food plots that attract and sustain a healthy deer population for years to come.